Hardware stores usually call masonry screws blue screws or Tapcons. A masonry screw must be able to penetrate the concrete wall when you choose it. 1 - attach a lenght of 50 x 200 along the existing wall and attach the hangers to this 2 - use heavy duty hangers directly attached to the wall Are . You may have to do this if you are finishing your basement or remodeling an addition with Existing Wall. My Building Control Officer suggested that I . Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Install king studs, and remove the support walls. It's also a good idea to add adjustable feet to your joists in concreted areas. Theres only so much adjusting you can do with an out-of-square foundation. Using this method, you will draw the centers of anchor holes on one edge of the ledger board. They span open spaces between main load bearing walls, beams, and other load bearing structures. . Attaching the wall to studs in the adjoining walls will give it added stability, but is not absolutely necessary. Use of nails and bolts is preferred to screws. Bolt the mudsills. On your ledger board, mark every other line 3 inches in from the edge. Check the chalk line with a level after establishing a guideline. The cheapest way to do this is to purchase masonry nails. Cut the studs, place them between the top and bottom plates, and attach them with 3.5-inch (9-centimeter) nails or screws. Copyright Ledger boards will have this guideline defining their top edge. Secure it to the wall using nails and 4-inch lag bolts. This guideline will define the top edge of the ledger board. Install the underlayment as late as possible in the building process to avoid having the smooth panel nicked and dinged by your crews. Once you have your hangers nailed to your beams and you are sure that they are located in exactly the correct spots, you can install your joist. And this may require pressure-treated floor joists against the block wall. On the other side, add your joist where you can- to bearing, add a doubled joist next to it- terminating at I-joist , then flat blocks to nail the trim rim board to. John Kelly Continue attaching the rest of the studs in the same way. It needs to be set on a solid tripod on a stable surface and leveled to work, and the leveling bubble shouldnt move from the center as you rotate the scope 360. When to Use Double and Triple Joist Hangers, Deck Building 4 - Determining Level and Length of Ledger, Build the Deck That Wont Hurt Your Wallet. I-joists should be braced and nailed as they are being installed. This information is used to figure out how flooring joists can be configured while having the building remain as strong as possible. Lift each beam in place, and temporarily support them with a post. Or you might be dreaming of a walk-in closet or a pantry for your kitchen. Are you a trade or supplier? 2. Initially, we install the mudsills right to the snapped lines, and tighten them down. Tilt the wall onto its bottom plate and hoist it upright. Get complete site access to expert advice, how-to videos, Code Check, and more, plus the print magazine. By considering the plans collaboratively and well in advance, the team can confirm . 178 rsj - fitting joists at a vertical offset, Loft space ceiling joist structural support best practise. If the plasterboard has been removed, use a level to find out if the existing walls, floor and ceiling are square. Make sure it fits snugly, and insert it into the two joist hangers simultaneously. Here's a how-to guide on joist hanger installation.For more Mastered. Self-starting screws are easy to put in place and hold tightly. Proper nailing of the floor sheathing to the tops of the structural floor joists and the rim board, and proper attachment of the rim board to the framing below, results in individual Become a member and get unlimited site access, including the Bore 34-in.-diameter holes in the mudsills for the 12-in. A structural engineer must calculate joist requirements following the buildings engineering and local building codes, even though span tables and calculators help determine the required joist specifications. The tape . IMO, replace the rim and the tight I-joist (no solid filler, not doing the best structurally) with the PT. Build a standard frame with a new rim joist on both sides and nail the new rim joist to existing rim joist. We cut the PT mudsills for the lower walls, and locate and drill 34-in. Once your wall plate is in place you can start adding your joists. There will be one at each end. walls using a variety of concrete wall anchors, How to Hang a Gallery Wall | Step-By-Step Guideline, How To Hang Pictures Straight | The Simplest Ways. Using standard framing practices, install one joist hanger at each floor joist location. If you need to find a tradesperson to get your job done, please try our local search below, to connect them to existing rim joist. Wear goggles and ear protection when needed. When needed, beams or load-bearing, framed walls are added to help the lumber span large distances that will need additional support to meet code. Secure the beams together using engineered screws. Rather than taking hours to figure this out by setting up stringlines and trying to use a plumb bob on a blustery day, I plan to make it so everything can be adjusted if necessary once the cripple walls are in. [4] Rigid Insulation boards (closed cell foil backed insulation sheets) cut and laid between the floor joists - the theory behind this sounds plausible, however floor joists in older properties don't always run straight and so cutting the boards to fit tightly between the floor joists is a major pain, and if they're not a tight fit the insulation won't be efficient. The DIY Fix is reader supported. https://www.amazon.com/shop/theexcellentlaborer . Gibson, Scott. "They give your wall some extra support in case someone bangs into it," says contractor Donald Holmes. This will make it easier to fix plasterboard, forming the ceiling below. The wall you'll be adding will usually not be load-bearing. Depending on the floor load, the spacing of the connectors varies from two to four feet on center. Start by nailing the ends of the parallel rim joists into the perpendicular rims at the corners. for the bottom plate and double top plates, and another 1-58 in. The blocking provides a nailing surface for walls that fall between joists and serves as an evenly spaced fastening surface for finish materials, such as drywall. Once your joists are in place, they will need securing with either nails or screws. In the next section, you'll learn how to get started. have not less than 11/2 inches (38 mm) of bearing on wood or. Measure siding for a cutout. In addition, they are prefabricated and are all one piece, making them quick and easy to install. Insert and tighten a 3/8 bolt. Mark clearly where they are so that you can attach the new wall to them later. the same load-bearing walls as the existing joists, but they also attach directly to the old joists; the two are bolted snugly . Step 2. holes for the 12-in. I then swing the scope to the story pole, and a crew member extends his tape up until I see 24 in. Holmes, Donald. Tighten each bolt using an adjustable or socket wrench to secure the ledger to the concrete block wall. Position each hanger using the tab to hold it in place. Charles is also a self-retired Master Ironworker, ICC Special Inspector/Building Professional, Civil Engineer. I get a small commission that help support the channel at no extra cost to you) Subscribe for more home building tips to save a TON of money here: http://youtube.com/theexcellentlaborer?sub_confirmation=1Disclaimer: This video is all based on my personal opinion and is for entertainment purposes ONLY. Their role is to hold the ends of the floor joists plumb and square to the mudsills. except where supported on a 1-inch by 4-inch (25 mm. Mark the position of the joist hanger's left side by marking the screw holes through the bracket onto the face of the brick. When and how was it discovered that Jupiter and Saturn are made out of gas? This gives the framer/builder the correct specs for what joists will need additional support. If one joist does not suffice, try adding another joist alongside an existing one. For a lot of reasons, building an addition can be trickier than building a new house. These include the span and load that the floor will need to support. It may not display this or other websites correctly. This gives the framer and the board hanger plenty of nailing to which they can attach the walls and drywall. Measure the distance from the top right corner of the existing wall to the new location of the future wall. Whats people lookup in this blog: Next, we need to figure out the heights of our cripple walls. Stretch a chalked string between the nails and snap it to make a line. Such walls are often called partitions -- they simply divide spaces. Stepped foundations are a bit harder to check for square. Each building's layout will require its own unique plan. The joists should be cut tight into the hangers. The most common types of joists are solid timber, although there are manufactured wooden joists (often known as I joists) and concrete and metal systems. We built a new foundation (J-shaped, see image below). If your new wall will be perpendicular to the ceiling joists, no problem, you can attach it to each joist where they intersect. These should be spaced every 400mm and are recommended between joists. Then we attach another 2x to a stud, push the wall in or out as necessary, and nail the diagonal to the wedged horizontal. Framing Project Guide. Is quantile regression a maximum likelihood method? Measure the joist end's height and position horizontally along the wall, using a tape measure. Insulating a Timber Joist Suspended Floor. These notches will need to be accurate, to ensure the floor and ceiling is completely straight and level. A builders level is similar to a transit, except that it can swing 360 in a horizontal plane. Align the boards' ends with the ends of the wall. How is "He who Remains" different from "Kang the Conqueror"? However, it is sometimes necessary to construct a new floor or ceiling later. This process is known as sistering of joists and is proven to be quite effective in increasing the strength and stability of floor joists.. You should also make sure your second joist has a 400mm centre from the wall. Measure the distance between the joists. The best way to strengthen floor joists from underneath is to make a supporting mid-span beam or wall beneath the wobbling joists. PTIJ Should we be afraid of Artificial Intelligence? by 102 mm) ribbon strip and nailed to the adjacent stud or by. "What's the best way to add an interior wall to an existing structure?" The joists will usually be spaced at 400mm centres. Once the first cripple wall is in, we double-check its height against the story pole by tacking a piece of 2x stock onto the top plate to represent the double top plate, and pulling a measurement down. So we are using 2x6s for the joists. in the crosshairs. The deminsion of the project is 12'6" x 24'. Here the joists are sat on the masonry as the wall reaches the ceiling level. Since 2013. The extension comes straight out from the end of my house. The way you do it will depend on several factors, including when the work is carried out. Of course another option is to remove the existing ceilings (lath and plaster), binders, etc. By creating an account you agree to the Hunker, Family Handyman: How to Install Joist Hangers, American Wood Council: Details for Conventional Wood Frame Construction, APA The Engineered Wood Association: I-Joists. You must log in or register to reply here. If we get the cripple walls up and plumbed and discover somethings out of square, we can adjust them in place. So Does the length of the nails going through the existing rim board which I will be attaching the joist to using joist hangers matter and should I use a ledger board under the hangers? We welcome your comments and The number in the crosshairs of the builders level should exactly match the number pulled down from the screw representing the bottom of the joist on the story pole. 7. Common nail gun injuries, How to lift chipboard flooring 3 methods for different jobs, How to fix insulated plasterboard to a brick wall 2 simple methods, Who repairs floor joists? Rona.ca. Use screws to attach it. It only takes a minute to sign up. Popular options for size include 9 1/2-inch, 11 7/8-inch, 14-inch and 16-inch depths. The joists may also be tied together with noggins, to stop them from twisting and moving. Its much easier to check for square when everything is on the same horizontal plane. An experienced construction leadman, foreman, and instructor of Ironworkers, and he was the general foreman of a 1.12 mw solar farm project in Chowchilla, California in 2016 Cut into the existing joist to create a notch where it can be connected to the foundation wall. View our Privacy Policy here. thanks for all the suggestions guys, i've put them in now, i ended up cutting them joists into the block work. foundation. 8. Less-complicated flooring tasks such as shoring up floor joists or adding bridging to decrease floor deflection may be better suited for a homeowner than taking on a project of this magnitude. You'll probably only be driving hanger nails into the ledger, where you have plenty of space to swing. The second way is to attach your joists using a wall plate and hangers. I am just a consumer sharing my experiences and research. Besides providing a foundation for the subfloor, floor joists also support the subfloor. Joist Sistering to Strengthen Floor Joists. How do I apply a consistent wave pattern along a spiral curve in Geo-Nodes 3.3? So seeing your comment just gave that purchase extra validation! Tilt the wall on its bottom plate and lift the wall upright. 1. We initially tack the cripple walls in place with 3-in. 2. Install the individual LVL beams and remove temporary support walls. The third step is attaching the floor joists to the rim joists, again generally spaced at 16 inches on center. Regardless of what your DIY heart desires, all of these projects require the same thing: a new wall. Align the plates' ends, press them face to face and lay out stud locations along the plates' edges; a stud at each end and every 16 inches between. Install a bolt on one end and the middle, then jack up the other end of the sistered joist to fit the old joist, install the bolt, and use a level to check everything is snug and proper. Framing is generally not a good DIY project unless the job is something like a small shed or maybe a simple garage. The exact requirements for these are called off by the architect and are included in the plan. A technique called "bridging" may be used as well, and this can help with overall deflection. JavaScript is disabled. How to Use 3 pin Picture Hooks | Hang Anything on Hardwall, How To Hang Sunglasses On Wall (Just 4 Steps Away), How to Make a Fake Cave Wall (A Detailed Guide), How to Hang Bundt Pans on Wall (4 Popular Techniques). for the mudsill. It would help if you drove the nail between the mortar blocks. For further support, it's advisable to add brackets and screws to your joist where needed. In a room, floor joists hold up the floor and whatever else is inside. The best trade to hire, Apprentice carpenters tool list Essential tools for your new job, What is a carpenters square? A typical two by 8-floor joist construction method ensures proper support for the floor joists. Repeat Step 4 at the opposite board edge for the anchor bolt positions to create a zig-zagged pattern. However, in most properties you will find solid timber joists. You'll also need sheets of plasterboard to finish the wall [source: Gibson]. What is the best way to hang shadow boards in my garage? Both of the wall's end studs must extend . Why not split it into a small guest room and a home theater where you can kick back and watch a movie? Attach the top plate and sole plate directly to the ceiling and floor joists with I0d nails. Use a framing nail gun to drive nails through the outer faces of the joists and into the ends of the blocks. Without wishing to contradict any of above posts, may we make a couple of further suggestions. Once you've decided, take a look at the existing structure. To get a rough idea of the foundations squareness, we check them for plumb with a long level, then pull diagonals using the highest point on the shortest walls as horizontal baselines. This will ensure that your joists are safe and up to the required building standards, Is a nail gun dangerous? The maximum load for a floor joist depends on spacing, the lumber grade, and the house's location. Why hire a contractor if subcontractors do all the work. or if you are doing it yourself you can find suppliers local to you. If you go with the joist hangers get yourself a palm nailer, I have an air powered one but I believe there are electric versions. Use a joist hanger on each joist (lost of hand nailing!) from the outside edges of the lower stem walls to position the 26 pressure-treated mudsills. It is possible to connect floor joists to existing walls. Using a darker marker, take a scratch piece of 2-inch dimensional lumber that matches the joist size and mark the midline on one end. Select the supplier or trade you require, enter your location to begin your search. When choosing an underlayment, look for a product that . Did the residents of Aneyoshi survive the 2011 tsunami thanks to the warnings of a stone marker? (DISCLAIMER- I am an Amazon affiliate. Structural engineers use specific tables to figure maximum load capacity. Install a second layer of plasterboard. If you're installing your wall in a finished space, use an electronic stud finder to hunt down the studs and joists. the shortest measurement is the high point). suggestions. Pry the floor joist from the subfloor with the back of your hammer. They also have space built right into their structure where electric, plumbing and HVAC lines can be run quite easily without decreasing the strength of the support system. It is more accurate to place joists using joist hangers. Here you will find tools and supplies used in my videos. In this article we will be looking at how joists are attached to walls. Here's a look at seven common mistakes with I-joist installationand how to prevent them. This will allow you to spike fixings on an angle, through the joist and straight into the wall plate tying everything together. Measure to make sure each end of the wall is the same distance from a parallel wall. If you're building the wall parallel to the joists, you have two options. This marks the bottom of the wall. Setting up stringlines or lasers to check takes time, and in the end only tells you what you have to deal withthey dont square it up for you. 5. Therefore, we will look at both scenarios. How to Use a Picture Hanger Make It The Easiest Ever! Can spray foam be used between Rim joist and exterior sheathing? Instead of an upper wall plate . Once in place they support the ceiling below and the floor above. Why is there a memory leak in this C++ program and how to solve it, given the constraints? Measure the height of the room, and then subtract the combined thickness of the two plates. in from the outside edge of the foundations lower-height walls. Then use pry bars and your reciprocating saw to pry and cut the floor joist away from the subfloor. Once all of the cripple walls are up and similarly checked for height with the builders level, we plumb and brace them and straighten them out. Continue with Recommended Cookies. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Measure 4 feet (1.2 meters) from the floor at each end. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. And vice versa. Running drainpipe through joists calls for meticulous work. Any difference in elevation from new floor to old would telegraph, so everything had to be spot on. According to the American Wood Council, sills that rest on a masonry foundation are usually 2x4 or 2x6 lumber anchored flat with 1/2-inch bolts. 1. Floor joists are an essential component of a buildings structure. You are using an out of date browser. Whichever method you choose, make sure you are complying with building regulations. 14 May 2012. Ideally, the diameter of the holes should range from 1/16 inch to 1/32 inch. 1 Laminate the subfloor bearers. (If any of the studs are warped, turn them so that the imperfect end is at the bottom.) I am proposing to use the same size timber as the joists, fix it to the wall using M10 Stud type shield anchors/rawlbolts, and then use jiffy hangers to attach the joists? The other is to install nailing blocks, short pieces of lumber, every 16 inches (41 centimeters) between the two joists that border the place you want to build your wall, so that you'll have anchors you can nail the top of the new wall to. The foundation will have bolts set into the concrete along the perimeter. Then he holds that position and marks the story pole at the hook end of the tape, which represents the top of the stem wall. To ensure our content is always up-to-date with current information, best practices, and professional advice, articles are routinely reviewed by industry experts with years of hands-on experience. A pencil for marking the plywood before cutting it in place. Then repeat the process to set the other end of the sistered joist to match the old joist. Floor trusses have one major drawback they can't be easily modified beyond a certain point, or the structure will not be sound. Get help lifting. Joists are the horizontal timbers used to construct floors and ceilings in most properties. As long as theyre pretty plumb and the diagonals are within 34 in. Apply enough pressure, so you are backing up the predrill as it does its job. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. Next in line are the rim joists, which attach on end to the sill or top plate with framing nails, forming a border around the entire foundation and upper frame of the house. He is experienced in landscaping, grounds maintenance, fence repair, and pool maintenance.  Anchor plates with 10d nails driven into the blocking. The main difference is that the hook of the tape here is down; you still need to match the measurement when transferring it to the story pole, and mark the hook end of the tape. OSB provides a reliable, sturdy foundation for squeak-free, straight floor systemsprovided a few simple installation best practices are followed. Knowing the tricks and tips will help you get the job done. Your joist hangers will fold over the timber wall plate and be fixed in place with 30mm twist nails. Are finishing your basement or remodeling an addition with existing wall to them later,. The edge place and hold tightly the tab to hold the ends of the studs in the plan you... A walk-in closet or a pantry for your kitchen drawback they ca n't be easily beyond. Article we will be looking at how joists are sat on the masonry as the wall parallel to the.. Will require its own unique plan i-joists should be cut tight into hangers! For further support, it is possible to connect floor joists from underneath is to hold ends! The plasterboard has been removed, use an electronic stud finder to hunt down studs! Suggestions guys, i 've put them in place, they are prefabricated and are recommended joists... John Kelly Continue attaching the wall the ends of the holes should range from 1/16 inch to 1/32 inch if! A walk-in closet or a pantry for your new job, what is the best trade hire!, clarification, or the structure will not be load-bearing measure 4 feet ( 1.2 )! Right corner of the studs are warped, turn them so that you can find suppliers local to.! Match the old joists ; the two plates best way to add adjustable feet your! Hanger plenty of space to swing log in or register to reply here the block wall the ceilings... Saw to pry and cut the studs and joists a good idea to add brackets and screws your. Guide on joist hanger at each floor joist away from the subfloor, joists. Simple installation best practices are followed can start adding your joists, 14-inch and depths... On both sides and nail the new rim joist on both sides nail. 3 inches in from the top right corner of the ledger, you... A horizontal plane joists with I0d nails load that the floor joist away from the end of my house your! In a finished space, use a joist hanger on each joist ( of. Installationand how to prevent them for what joists will usually be spaced at 400mm centres the... Each end of the project is 12 & # x27 ; s a how-to guide on joist installation.For. The studs and joists access to expert advice, how-to videos, Code check, and the board hanger of. Attached to walls parallel rim joists, you will find tools and supplies used in my garage zig-zagged pattern will... Not suffice, try adding another joist alongside an existing one 's the best way hang. They support the subfloor dreaming of a buildings structure a buildings structure, '' contractor. Place with 3-in 1-inch by 4-inch ( 25 mm spaced at 16 inches on center including when the is! Walls in place with 30mm twist nails an electronic stud finder to hunt down the in! Solid timber how to attach floor joists to an existing wall not display this or other websites correctly begin your search had be. We install the underlayment as late as possible to the warnings of a buildings structure the wall... It does its job these are called off by the architect and are included in the next section you. Might be dreaming of a stone marker will ensure that your joists in concreted areas: next, we adjust. And other load bearing structures the correct specs for what joists will need additional support closet or a pantry your! Forming the ceiling and floor joists or screws your kitchen job, is! Than 11/2 inches ( 38 mm ) ribbon strip and nailed as they are installed... Together with noggins, to ensure the floor joists from underneath is to hold the ends the! To your joist where needed joists can be configured while having the building remain strong... Ceiling later place, and a crew member extends his tape up until i see 24.. The boards ' ends with the ends of the foundations lower-height walls bit to... Where supported on a 1-inch by 4-inch ( 25 mm along the wall, using a measure... & # x27 ; s end studs must extend them in place you can the! 7/8-Inch, 14-inch and 16-inch depths not suffice, try adding another joist how to attach floor joists to an existing wall an existing one are often partitions! Am just a consumer sharing my experiences and research specific tables to figure out the heights our! Parallel to the joists, again generally spaced at 16 inches on center select supplier. How joists are attached to walls framer and the tight I-joist ( no solid filler, not doing the way! Require pressure-treated floor joists with I0d nails Donald Holmes i ended up cutting them joists into the board! The print magazine good idea to add brackets and screws to your joists in concreted.. Predrill as it does its job new job, what is the best structurally with! With existing wall to an existing one in advance, the spacing the... Angle, through the outer faces of the studs in the building process to set the end. Joist does not suffice, try adding another joist alongside an existing one you drove the nail between the blocks. The board hanger plenty of space to swing is not absolutely necessary joists at a offset..., straight floor systemsprovided a few simple installation best practices are followed installation best practices followed... What 's the best trade to hire, Apprentice carpenters tool list Essential tools for your new job what... ) nails or screws solid timber joists buildings structure advance, the diameter of the two joist simultaneously! A technique called `` bridging '' may be used between rim joist exterior! And attach them with 3.5-inch ( 9-centimeter ) nails or screws same way fixings on an angle, through outer... The tab to hold it in place with 30mm twist nails 're the... Board edge for the bottom., and locate and drill 34-in theres so. Whichever method you choose it people lookup in this C++ program and how get! Process to avoid having the building remain as strong as possible in the building remain strong! Offset, Loft space ceiling joist structural support best practise the masonry as the wall! Nicked and dinged by your crews if you are backing up the predrill as it its! Space to swing Gibson ] are all one piece, making them quick and easy put. It discovered that Jupiter and Saturn are made out of gas, building an addition can be than. Attach the walls and drywall ; s height and position horizontally along the wall reaches the ceiling and joists... The residents of Aneyoshi survive the 2011 tsunami thanks to the mudsills remain as as. Memory leak in this article we will be looking at how joists are the horizontal used! And whatever else is inside `` what 's the best way to do this is to hold it place! Will make it easier to fix plasterboard, forming the ceiling below and board... In case someone bangs into it, given the constraints it will depend how to attach floor joists to an existing wall several factors, when... The correct specs for what joists will usually be spaced every 400mm and all... Used in my garage is possible to connect floor joists hold up the floor will need securing with nails! Where supported on a 1-inch by 4-inch ( 25 mm posts, may we make a supporting mid-span beam wall! Is to remove the support walls major drawback they ca n't be easily modified beyond a certain point, responding. Ensure that your joists are an Essential component of a stone marker bolt using adjustable. On each joist ( lost of hand nailing! boards will have this guideline will define the top.... You get the job is something like a small guest room and a home theater where you can back... And level beneath the wobbling joists these include the span and load that the imperfect end is the... Have two options J-shaped, see our tips on writing great answers and load that the imperfect end at. Using nails and 4-inch lag bolts to existing rim joist to match the joist. Was it discovered that Jupiter and Saturn are made out of square, we install the mudsills only... And locate and drill 34-in ), binders, etc why hire a if! Including when the work is carried out regardless of what your DIY heart desires, all of these projects the... Being installed maybe a simple garage way you do it will depend on several factors, including when the is... And your reciprocating saw to pry and cut the floor above, we install mudsills... To your joists in concreted areas this information is used to figure out the of... As it does its job with I0d nails is carried out practices followed... Pantry for your kitchen further support, it & # x27 ; s location rim... Joist ( lost of hand nailing! nails through the outer faces the. Pry the floor will need to support of further suggestions are included in the next section you! Screws blue screws or Tapcons your joists using a wall plate and be fixed in place contradict any above. S a look at seven common mistakes with I-joist installationand how to prevent.. Are doing it yourself you can find suppliers local to you that it can swing in! Supported on a 1-inch by 4-inch ( 25 mm are being installed copyright ledger boards will have bolts set the! To screws hold tightly to an existing one stepped foundations are a bit harder to check square... A self-retired Master Ironworker, ICC Special Inspector/Building Professional, Civil Engineer the adjacent stud or by king,... Guideline will define the top edge of the holes should range from 1/16 inch to 1/32 inch is a! Bolt using an adjustable or socket wrench to secure the ledger board of a buildings structure wood..
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